Counterculture and second-wave feminism Ī self-identified pagan scene for popular music emerged in the United States in the 1970s. Tveitt maintains a high status as a composer in Norway, but his affiliation with this milieu is controversial. This influenced Tveitt's musical compositions, notably the ballet Baldurs draumar (1938).
Jacobsen drew heavily from Jakob Wilhelm Hauer's theories and promoted the adoration of the Norse gods.
Īlso in the 1930s, the Norwegian composer Geirr Tveitt (1908–1981) became affiliated with the Germanic neopaganism of the National Socialist journal Ragnarok and its publisher Hans S. In 1938, Salaks released a collection of choral songs titled Latviešu dievestīgās dziesmas ("Latvian songs of adoration"). His own music was characterized by diatonic scale and drones, and combined archaic and new elements in what he dubbed "the Latvian style". Salaks, a composer and folklorist, became the movement's musical leader in 1936. Norvilis created choral arrangements of folk songs for calendar celebrations. The other main contributors were Jānis Norvilis (1906–1994) and Artūrs Salaks (1891–1984). This was initially handled by the organist, composer and conductor Valdemārs Ozoliņš (1896–1973). In a 1937 article, the movement's chief ideologue Ernests Brastiņš wrote about the religion's sermons, which included music that "should create solemn and harmonious feelings". The Latvian neopagan movement Dievturība developed a musical life in the 1930s, focused on the instruments kokles and trīdeksnis, choir music and Latvian folk music. 5 Eclecticism: ethno-gothic, pagan folk and ambient.3 Neopagan movements in post-war Europe.2 Counterculture and second-wave feminism.Festivals like Wave-Gotik-Treffen and Castlefest have become venues for eclectic neopagan popular music, which may contain elements of gothic rock, neo-Medieval music, folk music, electronic music and ambient music. Neofolk bands have featured pagan revivalists since the genre's inception, pagan rock emerged in the 1980s as a distinct genre or subgenre of gothic rock, and several heavy metal bands have associated themselves with paganism since the early 1990s. Several subgenres of rock music have been combined with neopaganism. The postwar neopagan organisations Ásatrúarfélagið in Iceland and Romuva in Lithuania have been led by musicians. The United States also produced Moondog, a Norse neopagan street musician and composer. Second-wave feminism created women's music which includes influences from feminist versions of neopaganism. The counterculture of the 1960s established British folk revival and world music as influences for American neopagan music. Music produced in the interwar period include efforts from the Latvian Dievturība movement and the Norwegian composer Geirr Tveitt. Neopagan music is music created for or influenced by modern Paganism. The folk music group Kūlgrinda is the musical expression of Romuva in Lithuania.